John Laurens Revolutionary War Soldier, Abolitionist

The Power Of Television Images The First Kennedy Nixon...

Media Effects Media is not a novel presence, but its influences are ever evolving and increasing exponentially. Whether through print or television each type of media is vitally important for a politician. Politicians must focus on the message that is to be conveyed and be aware of the influence each media type has. Print ads, radio shows, television interviews, magazine articles and debates all have a degree of effectiveness on a voting demographic. Mastering the media effects on the people that are to be influenced is the key to successful communication of ideas and a successful political career. James Druckman in â€Å"The Power of Television Images: the first Kennedy-Nixon debate revised† looks at how television affects political behavior. Druckman’s (2003) hypothesis is that television viewers will be significantly more likely than audio listeners to use personality criteria when evaluating the candidates with all else constant. To test this theory he had a group of college students listen to an audio version of a debate while another group watched a televised version. Through his testing Druckman (2003) found that â€Å"television images have an independent effect on individuals’ political judgments: they elevate the importance of perceived personality factors, which can in turn alter overall evaluations.† The students that watched the debate had strong feelings that Kennedy won the debate with his confidence, demeanor, and outward appeal. The students that listened to onlyShow MoreRelatedWhere Have the Simple Days of Politically Informative Me dia Gone?1173 Words   |  5 PagesThe year is 1690. Richard Pierce and Benjamin Harris have recently published the first form of media in America, a newspaper titled: Publick Occurrences, both Foreign and Domestick. 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Book Introduction for Women Behaving Badly Essay Example For Students

Book Introduction for Women Behaving Badly Essay Throughout the ages, women all over the world from every race, culture and religion have behaved badly. This bad behaviour has occurred in innumerable forms, yet is generally universally agreed to be defined as the transgression of the implicit social, behavioural and moral conventions and of course the explicit political regulations that bind a society. Thus, a woman who behaves in an undesirable manner is one who defies her societys conformist expectations of her place in its composition, and thus acts in such a way as that her behaviour offends those around her. Hence in this particular context, the term behaving badly could perhaps be more appropriately expressed as behaving differently. In light of this, many of the worlds most famous women: both historically and in our modern era, can be regarded as women behaving badly. Consider the first woman, Eve, whose disobedience of the worlds first set of laws resulted in mans expulsion from paradise; French national heroine St Joan of Arc, a simple fifteenth-century peasant girl who rescued France from defeat in one of the darkest periods of the Hundred Years War with England; African-American seamstress Mrs. Rosa Parks, who through refusing a white passenger her bus seat in 1955 staged one of the largest protests of the American civil rights movement; and, more recently, Pauline Hanson, whose politically incorrect opinions made her the target of Australian anti-racist antagonism. Among the readings included in this book are two texts whose heroines particularly emulate this concept of women behaving badly: Lysistrata by Aristophanes, and Chaucers the Wife of Baths Prologue and Tale.  In her original context of 5th century Greece, Aristophanes character of Lysistrata could be described as a typical woman behaving badly: defying all of her societys unwritten social rules, and crossing all of the boundaries of decency and common sense a radical deviation from her societys expectations of the role and place of women at the time. The extremity of the digression of Lysistratas behaviour from the 5th century status quo ensures that she can be seen as a clear example of such a woman behaving badly. Thus, Lysistratas behaviour is bad in the most fundamental sense. Chaucers Wife of Bath is an equally fitting candidate for the title of a true woman behaving badly. The Wife: outspoken, crude and independent, is also portrayed by Chaucer to be seen as bad: that is, unusual in her manner, values and behaviour in the context of her own era: the conservative, often prudish Middle Ages. The Wife, however, appears to be fully aware of her defiance of her societys expectations of women such as her yet delights in her bad behaviour, boasting to her audience of her scandalous actions. Accordingly, the character of the Wife is most certainly an appropriate personality to include in this collection of readings, as she not only represents the personification of bad behaviour, but she is also an obvious advocate for the need for societies implicit social boundaries to be crossed in the first place by individuals such as herself. Nevertheless, Lysistrata and the Wife of Bath are together only two examples of Women Behaving Badly: merely threads in the rich tapestry of different opinions, perspectives and ideas that the readings in this book offer concerning the multitudes of women the world over whose behaviour have been labeled bad.